Dog Ear Mites vs Ear Wax: Signs, Causes, and Fixes

Dog's ear discomfort in both humans and animals can be caused by two common issues: ear mites and ear wax buildup . Differentiating between normal dog ear wax and ear mites is essential, as these conditions share similar symptoms, making it challenging to distinguish between them. However, proper diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment. In this guide, we’ll explore the signs, causes, and solutions for both ear mites and excessive ear wax.

Ear mites, scientifically known as Otodectes cynotis, are tiny parasitic arachnids that can cause significant discomfort in dogs. These minuscule pests, measuring only 1-2 millimeters in length, are barely visible to the naked eye. They thrive in the ear canal, feeding on the wax and oils present, which leads to irritation and inflammation. Dogs ear mites are a common culprit behind ear infections and can cause symptoms such as head shaking, scratching, and ear discharge. Highly contagious, ear mites can easily spread from one dog to another through direct contact or by sharing bedding and grooming tools. Understanding the nature of these pests is crucial for effective treatment and prevention.

Signs of Ear Mites

Dog ear mites (scientifically known as Otodectes cynotis) are highly contagious among pets, especially cats and dogs. Symptoms include dark brown discharge and intense itching, which can lead to ear infections if left untreated. Diagnosis and veterinary care are crucial to differentiate between ear mites and ear wax and to address the condition effectively. While they rarely affect humans, their presence can cause significant discomfort.

Symptoms of Ear Mites in Pets

1. Intense Itching and Scratching – Pets with ear mites will often scratch their ears aggressively. Excessive scratching can also be a symptom of ear wax buildup.

2. Frequent Head Shaking – They shake their heads to try to dislodge the mites. This behavior may also occur with wax buildup.

3. Dark, Coffee-Ground-Like Debris in Ears – Ear mites produce a characteristic dark brown or black discharge.

4. Red, Inflamed, or Scabbed Ears – Constant scratching can cause irritation and wounds.

5. Unpleasant Odor – A strong smell can accompany mite infestations.

6. Hearing Loss or Discomfort – In severe cases, mites can lead to temporary hearing loss.

Symptoms of Ear Mites in Humans

While rare, ear mites can sometimes infest human ears. Symptoms include:

• Itchy ears

• A crawling sensation in the ear

• Ringing or buzzing sounds

• Mild ear pain or discomfort 

Causes of Ear Mites and Ear Wax Buildup

What Causes Ear Mites?

Ear mites are spread through direct contact with an infested animal. Common causes include:

• Pet-to-Pet Transmission – Cats and dogs can catch mites from other animals.

• Contaminated Bedding or Grooming Tools – Mites can survive on shared items.

• Outdoor Exposure – Stray or outdoor animals are more likely to be infected.

What Causes Excess Ear Wax?

Ear wax buildup happens when the body produces too much wax or fails to remove it efficiently. Causes include:

• Genetic Factors – Some people naturally produce more ear wax.

• Frequent Use of Earbuds or Hearing Aids – These can push wax deeper into the ear.

• Poor Ear Hygiene – Cleaning the ears too aggressively can lead to impaction.

• Environmental Factors – Exposure to dust or debris can increase wax production.

Diagnosing Ear Mites vs. Ear Wax

A proper diagnosis is crucial before beginning treatment, as conditions like ear mites and ear wax buildup can significantly affect a dog's ear health.

For Pets

• Veterinarian Examination – A vet will use an otoscope to look inside the ear.

• Microscopic Examination – A sample of ear debris is examined under a microscope. This step is crucial for confirming the presence of ear mites.

For Humans

• Doctor’s Inspection – A healthcare provider will check the ear canal with an otoscope.

• Symptoms Review – A doctor will ask about itching, pain, or hearing loss.

Fixes: How to Treat Ear Mites and Wax Buildup

How to Get Rid of Ear Mites in Pets

1. Prescription Medications –

   • Ear Drops Petglow Ear Miticide – These kill mites effectively.

   • Topical Treatments –

2. Cleaning the Ears –

   • Use a Petglow Turmeric Ear cleaner before applying medication.

   • Gently wipe away debris with a soft cloth or cotton ball.

3. Treating the Environment –

   • Wash pet bedding, blankets, and grooming tools.

   • Vacuum carpets and furniture to remove mites.

How to Get Rid of Ear Mites in Humans

• Consult a doctor for proper treatment.

• Over-the-counter ear drops may help relieve symptoms.

• Antiparasitic medications may be prescribed in severe cases.

Treating Ear Infections

Ear infections in dogs can stem from various causes, including ear mites, bacteria, and yeast. Ear irritation can be a symptom of ear infections caused by ear mites. If your dog exhibits signs like head shaking, scratching, or ear discharge, it’s essential to seek veterinary attention promptly. Ear infections can cause significant discomfort and, if left untreated, may lead to more severe health issues. Your vet may prescribe antibiotics or antifungal medications to combat the infection. In some cases, ear infections are linked to allergies or excessive ear wax buildup. Managing these underlying issues might involve dietary changes or a revised ear cleaning routine to prevent wax buildup and maintain ear health. Regular monitoring and proper ear hygiene are key to preventing recurrent infections.

Medical Treatment for Ear Mites

Treating ear mites effectively requires a combination of medications and proper ear care. Vets typically prescribe topical or oral medications designed to kill both the mites and their eggs. Medicated ear drops or ointments containing ingredients like pyrethrin or ivermectin are commonly used. These treatments are applied directly to the affected ear and are often paired with thorough ear cleaning to remove wax and debris. In severe infestations, a course of oral medication may be necessary to ensure all mites are eradicated. It’s crucial to follow your vet’s instructions meticulously and complete the full treatment course to prevent re-infestation and ensure your dog’s ears remain healthy and mite-free.

How to Remove Ear Wax Safely

For Humans

1. Over-the-Counter Ear Drops –

   • Oil-based drops (olive oil, mineral oil) can loosen wax naturally.

2. Irrigation (Flushing the Ear) –

   • A bulb syringe with warm water can gently rinse out wax.

   • Do not use high-pressure water.

3. Professional Ear Cleaning –

   • If wax is impacted, a doctor may perform manual removal or suction cleaning .

For Pets

1. Vet-Approved Ear Cleaners –

   • Liquid ear cleaners help dissolve excess wax.

   • Avoid using cotton swabs , which can push wax deeper.

2. Regular Grooming –

   • Clean ears weekly or as needed with a vet-recommended solution.

Preventing Ear Mites and Wax Buildup

Preventing Ear Mites in Pets

✔ Use monthly flea and mite preventatives .
✔ Regularly clean bedding and grooming tools .
✔ Limit exposure to stray or infected animals .

Preventing Excess Ear Wax in Humans

✔ Avoid inserting cotton swabs deep into the ear.
✔ Clean ears gently with a damp cloth.
✔ Use earwax softeners if prone to buildup.
✔ Limit earphone and earplug use to avoid compaction.